In southern China’s Leye County lies the Dashiwei Tiankeng Group, a collection of 30 massive sinkholes, with the deepest one reaching 613 meters in depth. These sinkholes, known as “tiankengs” in the local language, are of significant geological importance, hosting 30% of the world’s known tiankengs.
Recently, scientists made a fascinating discovery about these heavenly pits. Despite the lack of sunlight, the tiankengs harbor ancient forests with unique plant species not found anywhere else on Earth. Botanist Tiang Jianmin described the underground pristine forest as a sight to behold, with towering ancient trees and endangered wild plants dating back to the time of dinosaurs.
The mystery of what sustains life in these deep underground pits has puzzled researchers for years. However, a recent study shed light on the nutrient composition of the plants thriving in the tiankengs. The nutrient makeup of these species differs significantly from terrestrial plants, with lower carbon content but higher levels of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.
The unique environment of the tiankengs, surrounded by soluble rocks like limestone, creates ideal conditions for vegetation growth. The underground setting, with limited sunlight but high humidity, allows plants to utilize the abundant nutrients present in the heavenly pits to grow rapidly and tall.
These sinkholes serve as biological and genetic hotspots, with the plant life inside them exhibiting more genetic diversity compared to their surface counterparts. The trees in the tiankengs act as a refuge for endangered plant species, providing a natural germplasm bank of biodiversity.
While the beauty and diversity of these sinkholes are attracting tourists, there is a risk of damaging the sensitive habitats. Conservationists and local authorities must take steps to protect these pristine environments, ensuring that habitats like the Dashiwei Tiankeng Group remain preserved for future generations.
The heavenly pits of Leye County are not just natural wonders but also crucial ecosystems that deserve conservation efforts to safeguard their unique plant life and genetic diversity.
