Misinformation is a growing concern for many Americans, especially in the wake of recent reports of Russian influence operations targeting the 2024 presidential election. While there is widespread acceptance that social media is rife with “fake news,” the academic community is divided on the extent of the problem.
Some argue that misinformation is a significant threat to democracy, while others believe that concerns around misinformation are exaggerated. However, most researchers agree that misinformation is a major issue, although there is disagreement on its definition and scope.
The traditional definition of misinformation typically refers to false news articles from disreputable sources. However, studies show that this type of “fake news” is relatively rare on social media and is mainly circulated by a small group of extreme users. Despite this, public misperceptions are widespread, as seen in instances like the Capitol riot and vaccine hesitancy.
To address the root of misinformation, it is crucial to broaden the definition beyond just fringe outlets. Misleading information from mainstream sources and political elites can have a significant impact on public beliefs and behaviors. Therefore, combating misinformation requires a multi-faceted approach that involves academics, the media, and social media platforms.
Academics need to study the roots of public misbelief more broadly and develop methods for identifying misleading content. The media must reflect on its role in promoting misbelief and be vigilant against misleading reporting. Social media companies must prioritize addressing misleading content from trusted sources and implement strategies to combat misbelief effectively.
Overall, addressing misinformation is a complex and challenging task that requires coordinated efforts from various stakeholders. By expanding the definition of misinformation and implementing targeted strategies, we can work towards combating the spread of false information and promoting a more informed society.